patrimonio cultural]]> folklore]]> actuación]]> contexto]]> cultural heritage]]> folklore]]> performance]]> context]]> It also proposes a methodological tool for the recording, documentation, and analysis of cultural expressions that may potentially be subject to heritage-making processes.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> nuevas tecnologías]]> comunicación]]> poder]]> sociedad de la información]]> heritage]]> new technologies]]> communication]]> power]]> society of information]]> On the one hand, there are problems such as the trafficking and trade of archaeological objects, reports made by e-mail, and commercialization through the Internet. On the other hand, there are also possibilities for displaying heritage through virtual museums, transforming its dissemination and its spaces of interaction with the public, and generating cultural changes.
These changes must be taken into account in order to appropriate media in ways that improve communication, allowing researchers, heritage, and cultural knowledge to reach a broad, mass, and heterogeneous public, as is made possible by the wide reach of this medium.
Without falling into the dichotomy of considering media as either good or bad, and with the awareness that everything depends on the intention behind their use, this paper points out several issues related to the use of media with respect to cultural heritage.]]> Dichos cambios deben ser contemplados para realizar una apropiación de los medios que mejore la comunicación donde investigadores, patrimonio y conocimientos culturales pueden acceder a un publico masivo y tan heterogéneo como lo posibilita este medio con su amplio alcance.
Sin caer en la dicotomía de considerar a los medios como buenos o malos, sino que hay que tomar conciencia de que depende de la intención de sus usos, es que señalo cuestiones que hacen a esta utilización con respecto al Patrimonio Cultural.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> impacto arqueológico]]> mitigación]]> patrimonio arqueológico]]> Gasoducto Norandino]]> archaeological impact]]> mitigation]]> archaeological heritage]]> Norandino Gas Pipeline]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> conservación]]> Jujuy]]> heritage]]> conservation]]> Jujuy]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> arquitectura de tierra]]> heritage]]> earthen architecture]]> The Andean region is being displaced by new architectural forms that do not meet the technical or economic conditions required by the present moment and by the local context.
Many governmental and non-governmental organizations are devoted to the study of this architecture in order to introduce improvements and propose policies for its conservation and dissemination. It is important that urgent measures be taken to preserve it. Raising awareness in this regard is an imperative obligation.]]> La región andina está siendo invalidada por arquitecturas nuevas, que no reúnen las condiciones técnicas ni económicas que exigen el momento y el lugar.
Muchos organismos, gubernamentales o no, están abocados al estudio de esta arquitectura, para introducir mejoras y plantear políticas de conservación y difusión. Es importante que, en forma urgente, surjan medidas para preservarlas. Una toma de conciencia en tal sentido es una obligación imperiosa.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> archivos históricos]]> Jujuy]]> heritage]]> historical archives]]> Jujuy]]> First, it refers to the historical fluctuations that led to the dispersion and/or disappearance of documentation from what is now the province of Jujuy, from early periods to the present day.
Second, it analyzes the legislation concerning the province’s public archives and the political tendencies expressed through it regarding the fate and importance of documentary sources.
It then considers the private archives existing in the province and the need for their cataloguing, which would enhance their value and make them accessible to researchers and the general public as valuable resources for approaching the history of Jujuy.
Finally, the paper offers some considerations on the importance assigned by the state and by society as a whole to documentary repositories, not only as heritage to be safeguarded but fundamentally as a “memory for the future”. These repositories are understood as invaluable resources for reconstructing our history—not a history forged by biased readings, but an approach to a reality that may contribute to the reformulation of our identity as a result of our past.]]> Primeramente, se hará referencia a los vaivenes históricos que llevaron a la dispersión y/o desaparición de la documentación de la actual provincia de Jujuy, desde períodos tempranos hasta la actualidad.
En un segundo punto se analizará la legislación sobre los Archivos Públicos de la Provincial y las tendencias políticas manifestadas a través de ellas a cerca del destino y la importancia de las fuentes documentales.
Seguidamente, se procederá a considerar los Archivos Privados existentes en la provincia y la necesidad de su catalogación, que representaría la puesta en valor de los mismos, para que los investigadores y el público en general puedan tener acceso a ellos como elementos valiosos de cooperación para el abordaje de la historia de Jujuy.
Finalmente, se formularán algunas consideraciones sobre la importancia asignada por el Estado y por la sociedad en su conjunto a los repositorios documentales, no exclusivamente como patrimonio resguardable, sino fundamentalmente como una “memoria del porvenir”, refiriéndolos como recursos inestimables que permitan la reconstrucción de nuestra historia, no la fraguada por lecturas suspicaces, sino el acercamiento a una realidad que contribuya a una reformulación de nuestra identidad como resultado de nuestro pasado.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> pueblos indígenas]]> heritage]]> indigenous peoples]]> We also maintain that every center of attribution of Indigenous customary norms must be analyzed at least from the perspectives of territory, nation, people, law, biodiversity, and self-determination (Tlauitoltepec, Mexico, 1993).
On the other hand, considering modern international law and its evolution with respect to Indigenous Peoples, beginning with the Pátzcuaro commitment, in which anthropology and archaeology joined the effort to assert the rights of Indigenous Peoples, safeguard their cultures, and uphold their pre-existing rights, we conclude that there is a need for consensus.
Nevertheless, the rigorous treatment of the Law of Indigenous Peoples calls for an understanding of all social forces as a new necessity in the face of destruction, as well as for a new understanding of the terms used in matters of heritage. Indigenous communities must participate in decisions concerning the heritage of Indigenous Peoples.]]> Sostenemos también que todo centro de imputación de normas consuetudinarias indígenas debe ser analizado al menos desde el punto de vista de territorio propio, nación, pueblo, derecho, biodiversidad, libre determinación. (Tlauitoltepec, México. 1993)
Considerando, por otro lado, que el moderno internacional y su evolución respecto a los Pueblos Indios desde el compromiso de Pátzcuaro en donde las ciencias antropológicas y arqueológicas se sumaron para hacer valer los derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas, salvaguardar sus culturas y hacer valer los derechos preexistentes, concluimos que existe una necesidad de consenso. No obstante, el riguroso tratamiento del Derecho de los Pueblos Indígenas éste formula un entendimiento de todas las fuerzas sociales como nueva necesidad ante la destrucción y un nuevo entendimiento para definir términos en asuntos de Patrimonio. Las comunidades indígenas deben participar en las decisiones de Patrimonio de los Pueblos Indígenas.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> desarrollo sustentable]]> Quebrada de Humahuaca]]> heritage]]> sustainable development]]> Quebrada de Humahuaca]]> To this end, several aspects of the region are taken into account and analyzed, including geomorphological, geographical, environmental, archaeological, historical, and anthropological features. These are considered together with an evaluation of different concepts relevant to the assessment process, particularly the notion of sustainability.
Finally, a proposal is presented for the specific case of the Quebrada de Humahuaca, emphasizing its long history of human occupation, which spans more than 10,000 years, and showing a close and changing relationship between human societies and a specific environment of remarkable natural beauty. This history of human occupation, including the present-day relationship between human societies and this particular environment, may be described as a “continuing cultural landscape” according to the UNESCO classification.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> gasoducto]]> heritage]]> gas pipelines]]> We consider that, at the professional level, we must address this need, which is oriented toward the management of archaeological heritage. To this end, we must make an effort to adapt theory, methodology, and technology to the solution of practical problems involved in Environmental Impact Assessment tasks throughout all their stages. This current situation requires the training of specialists capable of developing basic research together with the management of archaeological heritage.]]> Consideramos que en el plano profesional debemos cubrir esta necesidad que se orienta a la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico, para lo cual deberemos realizar un esfuerzo de adecuación teórica, metodológica y tecnológica en la resolución de problemas prácticos en tareas de E.I.A. en todos sus ciclos, asumiendo esta situación actual con la necesaria formación de especialistas que desarrollen investigación básica junto con la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> Patrimonio - música - Jujuy.]]> The information comes from an experience carried out over a three-year period in Argentina, in the geographical area of the Puna, through interviews with musicians and comparative measurements of instruments. The analysis is mainly valid for these coordinates of time and space.
Nine types of instruments were considered in relation to the number of tubes, their tuning, and their register. These instruments were classified into three families.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> museología]]> educación]]> heritage]]> music studies]]> education]]> However, the so-called informal education offered by this type of institution is scarcely, if at all, harmonized with the plans and programs of formal education. Even fewer examples can be cited of concern for younger segments of learners, that is, children at preschool and basic education levels. The same may be said of visitors who present some type or degree of disability, especially visual, auditory, or motor disabilities, among others. Today, experiences in this field that could guide us remain scarce and still at a preliminary stage.
For this purpose, an exhibition has been predesigned to synthesize the general museographic discourse within a reduced space. This has been proposed through the preparation of reproductions of archaeological museographic material, together with the design of ad hoc furniture and layout. This means that the exhibited “objects” —reproductions— and the supporting museographic materials will be able to be handled without major restrictions, making direct interaction between the public and the exhibits possible. Such interaction would otherwise be prohibited because of the risk of deterioration that frequent handling would pose to the original pieces.]]> Para ello se ha prediseñado una muestra que sintetice en un espacio reducido el discurso museográfico general. Este se ha planteado a través de la preparación de reproducciones de material museográfico-arqueológico, junto al diseño de un mobiliario y diagramación ad hoc. Esto significa que los «objetos» exhibidos (reproducciones) y los materiales de apoyo museográfico estarán en condiciones de ser manipulados sin mayores restricciones, haciendo posible una interacción directa entre el público y las muestras, los que de otra manera les estarían vedados por el consecuente riesgo de deterioro producido a los originales a causa de una frecuente manipulación.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> política]]> legislación]]> heritage]]> politics]]> legislation]]> While the national state does not assume the responsibilities established by the National Constitution regarding heritage preservation, concern for heritage and the adoption of related policies have moved beyond the national scale and are now discussed at the macroregional level, such as MERCOSUR, and at the international level.
At the same time, municipalities and local residents are becoming increasingly involved in the preservation of local heritage, while Indigenous communities are claiming participation in the management of their cultural assets, particularly the human remains of their ancestors.
Local and supranational heritage management, Indigenous claims, mass consumption of archaeological resources, and the privatization of the management of cultural resources are issues that, until recently, had been largely ignored in Argentina. Today, however, they challenge the very foundations of heritage protection.
In this context, the aim of this paper is to analyze the new scenario of heritage preservation in Argentina and to explore the strengths and weaknesses of the current system, as well as the opportunities and threats that this new reality may generate.]]> Mientras el Estado nacional no asume las responsabilidades que establece la Constitución Nacional en materia de preservación del patrimonio, la preocupación por el mismo y la adopción de políticas trasciende la escala nacional y se discute a nivel macroregional (MERCOSUR) e internacional.
A su vez, municipios y vecinos se involucran de manera creciente en la preservación del patrimonio local, al tiempo que comunidades indígenas reclaman participación en la gestión de sus bienes culturales, en particular los restos humanos de sus antepasados.
Gestión local y supranacional del patrimonio, reclamos indígenas, consumo masivo de recursos arqueológicos y privatización del manejo de los recursos culturales, cuestiones hasta hace poco ignoradas en Argentina, desafían ahora los fundamentos mismos de la protección del patrimonio.
En este sentido, el propósito de este artículo es analizar el nuevo escenario de la preservación del patrimonio en Argentina y explorar las fortalezas y debilidades del sistema actual, así como las oportunidades y amenazas que esta nueva realidad puede originar.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> legislación Salta]]> heritage]]> Salta legislation]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> legislación]]> Jujuy]]> heritage]]> legislation]]> Jujuy]]> Since its sanction and promulgation, this law has gone through different stages in terms of its application. These stages have been shaped by the political and economic possibilities of the province to put into practice what the law establishes and, ultimately, by the “concern or awareness” of the officials of each government, who have emphasized certain aspects of it.
The “changes” produced in the way the law has been applied have often led to “partial or total” compliance, under different circumstances, by those who are related to archaeological heritage to varying degrees, including politicians, researchers, local inhabitants, and others. This situation raises the question: if nothing was done before, what is being sought now?
In this paper, we attempt to approach the current “reality” of the validity and application of this law in the province of Jujuy.]]> Desde su sanción y promulgación, la mencionada ley pasó por distintos momentos en cuanto a su aplicación. Los cuales estuvieron marcados por las posibilidades políticas y económicas de la provincia de llevar a la práctica lo enunciado por dicha ley y, en última instancia, por la “preocupación o conciencia” de funcionarios de cada uno de esos gobiernos que ponen énfasis en determinados aspectos de la misma.
Los “cambios” producidos en su forma de aplicarla llevaron en numerosas ocasiones a cumplimientos “parciales o totales”, en diversas circunstancias, por quienes están en distinto grado relacionados al patrimonio arqueológico (políticos, investigadores, pobladores, etc.): ¿Si antes no hacían nada... ahora qué quieren?
En el presente trabajo intentamos acercarnos a la “realidad” de la vigencia y aplicación actual de la mencionada ley en la provincia de Jujuy.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]> patrimonio]]> universidad]]> heritage]]> university]]> On the other hand, efforts must be joined in order to safeguard regional heritage. Everyone’s voice must be heard, academic silences must come to an end, and permanent dialogue must be sought.]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> Cuadernos FHyCS-UNJu]]> 2002-05-30]]> application/pdf]]>